Spanish authorities argue the rise in confirmed cases is partly because the country has ramped up testing.
Spain has tested more than 5.3 million people, or around 11.5 percent of its population, since the start of the pandemic.
But many of its main neighbours have an even higher testing rate—Germany has tested 12.2 percent of its population, Italy 12.8 percent and Britain 22.1 percent.
Some have suggested that social norms that stress physical contact and encourage families to live in larger, multi-generational households have encouraged contagion in Spain.
But these norms are also prevalent in Italy, which has a far lower virus growth rate.
So why has the pandemic worsened in Spain? Experts say a backlash against the strict lockdown which began in mid-March and was only fully lifted on June 21 is partly to blame.
At the height of the lockdown people could only go outside to buy food or medicine, seek medical care or go to work if they could not do so from home.
Exercising outdoors was not allowed until early April and for weeks children were not allowed outside at all.
This "severe" lockdown created a "desire to make up for lost time" once the measures were lifted that sparked COVID-19 outbreaks, said Salvador Macip, an expert in health sciences at Catalonia's Open University.
The authorities introduced rules on social distancing and wearing masks after the lockdown ended without stressing the need to remain "very careful", he added.
Jorge Ruiz Ruiz, a sociologist at the Institute for Advanced Social Studies, a public research institute, echoes this view.
"Months of total isolation was perhaps not the best strategy to promote social responsibility," once restrictions were lifted, he said.