protein subunit vax same as novavax
introduces the spike directly instead of instructing the body to produce the spike
Vax are normally updated based on prevailing conditions of its ability to protect against other variants. I have a feeling this vax is way well into production & packing hence the need to move it to the needy (like Africa). But as I recall, Moderna or Pfizer ba yun that is producing a more updated one.
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Parang motor oil manufacturing din pala. Base oils nilalagyan nang additive package[emoji16]
Kidding aside. I heard mRNAs are a lot easier to produce than conventional vax like this. Culturing the protein takes time & production will be dependent on how much the facility can handle. I have a friend who was able to visit a Pfizer facility making regular vax. They have vats holding a few million doses in sub zero temps.
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yup.
design a delivery vehicle,
just replace the antigen molecule that attaches to it,
and one can easily manufacture specific vaccines easily.
i vaguely recall an early article at the start of the covid season,
the scientists were working on coronavirus, as a possible tool in the manufacture of vaccines,
when "it got away",
thus the start of the covid age.
Last edited by dr. d; January 23rd, 2022 at 10:29 AM.
mas mabagal / mas delikado mag produce ng traditional vax
you need the actual virus, grow the virus, inactivate/kill it etc
With Omicron, with its less than virulent nature compared to Delta & the others, it might be possible to create an attenuated or weakened modified live virus (MLV) which in practice gives a better immune response than the killed ones. Not now but maybe in time, we’ll see that.
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the nucleocapsid doesn't change as much as the spike
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global pandemic of the Coronavirus disease in late 2019 (COVID-19). Vaccine development efforts have predominantly been aimed at 'Extra-viral' Spike (S) protein as vaccine vehicles, but there are concerns regarding ‘viral immune escape’ since multiple mutations may enable the mutated virus strains to escape from immunity against S protein. The ‘Intra-viral’ Nucleocapsid (N-protein) is relatively conserved among mutant strains of coronaviruses during spread and evolution. Herein, we demonstrate novel vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2 by using the whole conserved N-protein or its fragment/peptides. Using ELISA assay, we showed that high titers of specific anti-N antibodies (IgG, IgG1, IgG2a, IgM) were maintained for a reasonably long duration (> 5 months), suggesting that N-protein is an excellent immunogen to stimulate host immune system and robust B-cell activation. We synthesized three peptides located at the conserved regions of N-protein among CoVs. One peptide showed as a good immunogen for vaccination as well. Cytokine arrays on post-vaccination mouse sera showed progressive up-regulation of various cytokines such as IFN-γ and CCL5, suggesting that TH1 associated responses are also stimulated. Furthermore, vaccinated mice exhibited an elevated memory T cells population. Here, we propose an unconventional vaccine strategy targeting the conserved N-protein as an alternative vaccine target for coronaviruses. Moreover, we generated a mouse monoclonal antibody specifically against an epitope shared between SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and we are currently developing the First-in-Class humanized anti-N-protein antibody to potentially treat patients infected by various CoVs in the future.
More BA.2 from PH
VOCs detected by JPN airport screening for select Asian countries by date of arrival.