Chronic Depression

[uls]

all these years the medical establishment believed that depression is caused by low serotonin

so drugs were developed to boost serotonin to treat depression

yun pala walang kinalaman ang depression sa low serotonin

The serotonin theory of depression: a systematic umbrella review of the evidence | Molecular Psychiatry

Abstract
The serotonin hypothesis of depression is still influential. We aimed to synthesise and evaluate evidence on whether depression is associated with lowered serotonin concentration or activity in a systematic umbrella review of the principal relevant areas of research. PubMed, EMBASE and PsycINFO were searched using terms appropriate to each area of research, from their inception until December 2020. Systematic reviews, meta-analyses and large data-set analyses in the following areas were identified: serotonin and serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA, concentrations in body fluids; serotonin 5-HT1A receptor binding; serotonin transporter (SERT) levels measured by imaging or at post-mortem; tryptophan depletion studies; SERT gene associations and SERT gene-environment interactions. Studies of depression associated with physical conditions and specific subtypes of depression (e.g. bipolar depression) were excluded. Two independent reviewers extracted the data and assessed the quality of included studies using the AMSTAR-2, an adapted AMSTAR-2, or the STREGA for a large genetic study. The certainty of study results was assessed using a modified version of the GRADE. We did not synthesise results of individual meta-analyses because they included overlapping studies. The review was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020207203). 17 studies were included: 12 systematic reviews and meta-analyses, 1 collaborative meta-analysis, 1 meta-analysis of large cohort studies, 1 systematic review and narrative synthesis, 1 genetic association study and 1 umbrella review. Quality of reviews was variable with some genetic studies of high quality. Two meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining the serotonin metabolite, 5-HIAA, showed no association with depression (largest n = 1002). One meta-analysis of cohort studies of plasma serotonin showed no relationship with depression, and evidence that lowered serotonin concentration was associated with antidepressant use (n = 1869). Two meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining the 5-HT1A receptor (largest n = 561), and three meta-analyses of overlapping studies examining SERT binding (largest n = 1845) showed weak and inconsistent evidence of reduced binding in some areas, which would be consistent with increased synaptic availability of serotonin in people with depression, if this was the original, causal abnormaly. However, effects of prior antidepressant use were not reliably excluded. One meta-analysis of tryptophan depletion studies found no effect in most healthy volunteers (n = 566), but weak evidence of an effect in those with a family history of depression (n = 75). Another systematic review (n = 342) and a sample of ten subsequent studies (n = 407) found no effect in volunteers. No systematic review of tryptophan depletion studies has been performed since 2007. The two largest and highest quality studies of the SERT gene, one genetic association study (n = 115,257) and one collaborative meta-analysis (n = 43,165), revealed no evidence of an association with depression, or of an interaction between genotype, stress and depression. The main areas of serotonin research provide no consistent evidence of there being an association between serotonin and depression, and no support for the hypothesis that depression is caused by lowered serotonin activity or concentrations. Some evidence was consistent with the possibility that long-term antidepressant use reduces serotonin concentration.

[dr. d]

sometimes, it's like this.
when a person suffers a broken leg,
some folks might give him a pair of crutches,
while others might bring him to an orthopedic surgeon, for surgery.

different approach,
similar outcome (increased mobility).

that's how medicine is, at times.
we may not know the ultimate mechanism,
but we sure do well in symptomatic relief.

[_Cathy_]

I've been alternating sleeping and crying since I got home last night. It was so nice to see my friends after 2.5 yrs but then mostly we talked about our signs of aging It looks like the pandemic aged us exponentially. I said to them who is at their worst now? I'm old, fat, jobless and childless! Hindi naman nila ni kinontra They told me to pursue my passion, but I have no passion. My fat lab gives me happiness but I can't just be a vet (and I can't handle losing my patients). They keep on insisting mag IG or youtube ako about make up and nails etc. I told them, do they really think I'm that shallow plus that industry is so saturated. I want a real job.

Tomorrow my family has an important meeting and my Tita told me this afternoon I should like my best. It's so hard to act like everything is normal but inside I'm dying.

[_Qwerty_]

start applying.. baka pwede ka sa BPO? yan ang madaming openings ngayon.. for business managers, process excellence, etc.

I've been alternating sleeping and crying since I got home last night. It was so nice to see my friends after 2.5 yrs but then mostly we talked about our signs of aging It looks like the pandemic aged us exponentially. I said to them who is at their worst now? I'm old, fat, jobless and childless! Hindi naman nila ni kinontra They told me to pursue my passion, but I have no passion. My fat lab gives me happiness but I can't just be a vet (and I can't handle losing my patients). They keep on insisting mag IG or youtube ako about make up and nails etc. I told them, do they really think I'm that shallow plus that industry is so saturated. I want a real job.

Tomorrow my family has an important meeting and my Tita told me this afternoon I should like my best. It's so hard to act like everything is normal but inside I'm dying.

[papi smith]

start applying.. baka pwede ka sa BPO? yan ang madaming openings ngayon.. for business managers, process excellence, etc.

I'm not sure that's her cup of tea.

[_Cathy_]

start applying.. baka pwede ka sa BPO? yan ang madaming openings ngayon.. for business managers, process excellence, etc.

BPO as in call center or graveyard? I want regular working hours. My Kuya told me to leave banking kasi bagsak na daw banking industry. He said to try Accenture. Is that a BPO?

I'm not sure that's her cup of tea.

I definitely can't work graveyard or shifting

I've been crying on and off. Manic depressive na ata ako kasi minsan natatawa naman ako sa ibang tao. Yung mga sounding boards ko, I can't talk to them about this. Si SO he can't find out that I am jobless. Si Engr friend ko napipikon lang ako when he tells me to look harder (stopped talking to him along with my Paulinian friend who said kulang effort ko) They have jobs kaya madali sa kanila magbitaw ng ganyan.

I'm depressed kasi nasira kasi timeline ko. I expected na I have work na by August pero pinapa pasok ako sa butas ng karayom e, halos maiyak na ko sa unang interview ko a few months ago sa hirap ng mga tanong I don't want to give up on my dream role but the longer this drags on na affect na self esteem ko. I thought it would be easy for me kasi they called me agad when I submitted my CV pero hirap ng hiring process. I'll throw a party talaga when I get this position.

[dr. d]

well,
no potential employer is going to find you.
you will have to look for them.

[viper888]

BPOs pay much better than local banks though but get ready for weird hours. I know someone who's schedule is 12-9pm because your schedule is defined by which country you will be assigned to.

There are a lot of non-call center jobs in BPOs, its just assumed that BPO = call center

[BratPAQ]

BPOs pay much better than local banks though but get ready for weird hours. I know someone who's schedule is 12-9pm because your schedule is defined by which country you will be assigned to.

There are a lot of non-call center jobs in BPOs, its just assumed that BPO = call center

There's a website called upwork. It is basically an online BPO, mostly WFH, but yes you will work depending on the country. There are a lot of office work there, not just call center. One job I saw on GMA news is a secretary, it's a WFH position basically you have to prepare and plan the schedule of your boss.

There are other types of job in there depending on what your skills are. Accoring to the GMA news coverage, maganda ang pay better than call centers. Nauso sya during pandemic na WFH hanap ng lahat.

[_Cathy_]

well,
no potential employer is going to find you.
you will have to look for them.

I only applied in 2 companies. I got other calls pero I don't like.

BPOs pay much better than local banks though but get ready for weird hours. I know someone who's schedule is 12-9pm because your schedule is defined by which country you will be assigned to.

There are a lot of non-call center jobs in BPOs, its just assumed that BPO = call center

I've never worked local but my Kuya said na at a certain level local banks pay better than multinationals, though my work was too specialized, local banks have no use for me

There's a website called upwork. It is basically an online BPO, mostly WFH, but yes you will work depending on the country. There are a lot of office work there, not just call center. One job I saw on GMA news is a secretary, it's a WFH position basically you have to prepare and plan the schedule of your boss.

There are other types of job in there depending on what your skills are. Accoring to the GMA news coverage, maganda ang pay better than call centers. Nauso sya during pandemic na WFH hanap ng lahat.

I'll look this up nga para naman I can be productive AND earn money

I've been taking all sorts of meds to help me sleep. I've been upping the dosage but it's really not working anymore.