found some sites to help you with your questions
http://www.lakecountrymfg.com/applicationguide/
then DL the pad application guide, you would notice that in the guide white pads are for polishes and black are for glazes, both blue and red fall in the same category and fall under polishes again so i guess it doesn't make that much difference, and the gold falls under pure waxes and sealants
and in here
http://www.pinnaclewax.com/lakecount...er-how-to.html
you would notice that the black red and blue all fall under one category which falls under final finishing so i guess its safe to say they really are pretty much the same, and as far as i know i haven't seen any final finishing or ultra fine finishing polishes available locally, and the only ones i have are Optimum polymers and Menzerna's which are all from the US. they didn't even classify gold in their page, so i guess gold is purely for applying waxes and sealants only and maybe buffing it to a high gloss, but then again you still have to follow this up with a MF, and one last tip, if you plan on jeweling your paint using the gold pad, always check it for dried waxes and sealants that cake or powder after each panel, this is the only problem i've encountered with the gold pad, since you have to work it longer chances are by the time you're done with one panel some pores have already started to harden or build up and these builds up can cause swirls yet again.
but again for me from black to gold, all of them are the same for me, try to check out jon's detail on the CRV using the black pad, the one when he used power polish and followed with reflections, the result was already like he jeweled the paint, its so clean and glossy.