Motorcycles and other L-category vehicles
L-category vehicle fuel-specific emissions (grams per kilogram of fuel consumed) are up to 11.1 times higher for CO emissions and 6.1 times higher for NOX emissions compared to average petrol passenger car emissions.
While fuel-specific emissions of CO and NOX from L-category vehicles have declined with the implementation of more stringent Euro standards, they have trailed behind passenger cars, and L-category standards only go up to Euro 4.
Considering vehicles only certified to current standards (Euro 4 and Euro respectively), CO emissions are almost 10 times those of both Euro 6 diesel and petrol cars, and NOx emissions are three times those of Euro 6 petrol cars.