naming of fuel grades is probably more simplistically related to octane rating.

octane rating is a measure of a fuel's ability to resist pre-ignition.
pre-ignition is precisely that: fuel ignition before it is supposed to do so, as dictated by the spark plug. pre-ignition can prematurely ruin an engine.
some engines have higher compression, in an effort to increase power output.
unfortunately, higher compression tends to pre-ignite a fuel. hence, the need for higher octane fuel in higher compression engines. using lower octane fuel in these engines can result in poor engine performance and shortened engine life.

so, if your question is, will i need to do engine adjustments if i want to use higher octane (premium grade) fuel than what the manufacturer recommends? the answer is probably, no. but it will probably be just an un-necessary expense.