
Originally Posted by
ab_initio
I believe the last clear chance doctrine (LCCD) here cannot be applied considering that it is a reckless imprudence case, criminal in nature. The doctrine can only be applied when we determine the civil liability of the taxi driver, independent of the criminal case. The two cases have different quantum of proof and the taxi driver's criminal liability is determined not solely by the doctrine of last clear chance but on whether or not he violated the traffic laws. Although we do not know if the civil aspect is to be separately instituted or in the absence thereof, it is impliedly instituted with the crim case.
Sec. 44, R.A. 4136 provides:
Section 44. Signals on starting, stopping or turning. -
(a) The driver of any vehicle upon a highway, before starting, stopping or turning from a direct line, shall first see that such movement can be made in safety, and if any pedestrian may be affected by such movement, shall give a clearly audible signal by sounding the horn, and whenever the operation of any other vehicle approaching or following may be affected by such movement, shall give a signal plainly visible to the driver of such other vehicles of the intention to make such movement.
(b) The signal herein required shall be given by means of extending the hand and arm beyond the left side of the vehicle, or by an approved mechanical or electrical signal device.
This, the Supreme Court interpreted the law in this wise:
This means that before a driver turns from a direct line, in this case to the left, the driver must first see to it that there are no approaching vehicles and, if there are, to make the turn only if it can be made in safety, or at the very least give a signal that is plainly visible to the driver of such other vehicle.
Based on the law quoted above, it was the SUV driver who made a turn so recklessly, hence, no criminal liability would lie against the taxi driver.
If we talk about the civil liability of the taxi driver, LCCD is inapplicable because under the last clear chance, the oncoming vehicle must have sufficient opportunity to see the negligence of the SUV. There is no such opportunity. Taking that into consideration and in conjunction with the SUV's recklessness, the doctrine applicable would, at best, be that of contributory negligence.
Under the doctrine of contributory negligence, although as a rule, the SUV cannot recover any from the taxi driver, the court may determine whether or not there is ground to mitigate the taxi driver's liability or absolve him.