joseph,
your alternator is a big part of your charging system. without the battery, the alternator rotor or field will not have excitation. in an alternator, the rotor is the field and its magnetic field is regulated by of course the regulator to increase or decrease the magnetic flux that induce current to the stator. the rotor or field of course gets its energy from the battery until it generates on its own but it will be minimal unless the battery augments the self excitation current. so, if the battery is marginal you get the point, the output will be low too.
jick



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