Efficiency Trials For Oxonica Nano Fuel Additive, Envirox
Although fuel additives are as old as the combustion engine itself and rarely do they amount to anything more than a lightening of the bank balance, a British company is claiming to have developed an additive that makes diesel burn more efficiently.
The claim by Oxonica, a spin-off company from the University of Oxford, is that their additive, called Envirox, can produce fuel savings of 10%.
The additive uses miniscule particles of cerium oxide to catalyse the combustion reactions between diesel and air.
Cerium Oxide
For some time cerium oxide has been viewed as a potential fuel additive but it has never reached commercial success. It is known to act like a type of storage unit for oxygen releasing oxygen to oxidise carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon gases. It also absorbs oxygen to reduce the amount of harmful nitrogen oxides released. The net result is a cleaner burn with more fuel converted to carbon dioxide, less carbon deposits on the internal workings of the engine and a less noxious exhaust.
Increasing Surface Area
The approach being taken by Oxonica differs from their predecessors in that they are using particles only 10 nanometres across. This creates a greater surface area for catalysing the reactions. It also means that Envirox can be used at concentrations as low as five parts per million in the diesel. This is one-tenth the concentration of previous additives. These small particles also remain more evenly suspended in the fuel.
Bus Trials
Envirox has been successfully trialled in buses in Hong Kong. This trial covered 12 million kilometres and now the largest bus operator in the UK is doing its own tests. Stagecoach from Scotland are testing Envirox in 1000 of their 7000 diesel-fuelled vehicles.
Dodecylsuccinic Anhydride Doping
While the trials are being carried out, Oxonica are further developing the additive. They have filed a patent that claims coating the nanoparticles in an organic solvent called dodecylsuccinic anhydride helps dispersion within the fuel and that doping with copper can make the fuel burn better.