Coolant must be dilluted to the proper ratio recommended by the car manufacturer. It may be anywhere from 70/30 to 50/50. Most common is 50/50. It is NOT to be used pure! Please read the instructions on the coolant bottle.
There is a premixed coolant. This is used pure as it has already been diluted in the factory.
Coolant contains anti-rust properties and lubricates your water pump. It also increases the boiling point of water.
If you dont want to use coolant, please use distilled water. Dont use mineral, deepwell or tap water.